benefits of their spirituality or their salvation to the dead (cf. 2 Macc. 12:43–45 in the additional note). Evidence exists that in pagan cults persons underwent rites in the place of others (BDAG 165), but three problems cause this particular interpretation to founder. First, although DeMaris’s study (1995a) demonstrates that an interest in the underworld existed in Corinth, it can provide no trace of evidence that anyone baptized on behalf of the dead. Tertullian (Marc. 5.10; De resurrectione